Correct
D. Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a group of rare disorders affecting the connective tissue and characterized by extremely fragile bones that break or fracture easily (brittle bones), often without apparent cause. It is the most common heritable disorder of connective tissue. Besides being associated with brittle bones, the following features are also linked to OI: Blue sclerae, dentinogenesis imperfecta (disorder of tooth development), increased joint mobility, short stature, and hearing loss. The visual system is also commonly affected in patients with OI. Ocular and visual pathway problems reported include corneal disorders, glaucoma, retinal detachment, optic neuropathy and others. Four main types of OI have been identified. OI type I is the most common and the mildest form of the disorder. OI type III is characterized by extremely fragile bones, multiple fractures, and malformed bones. Multiple fractures are often present at birth. This is the only disorder which would account for Todd’s physical appearance, especially at birth.
A. Cerebral Palsy is a group of disorders caused by damage that occurs to the immature brain as it develops. Signs and symptoms appear during infancy or preschool years. In general, cerebral palsy causes impaired movement associated with abnormal reflexes, floppiness or rigidity of the limbs and trunk, abnormal posture, involuntary movements, unsteady gait, or some combination of these.
B. Osteoporosis is a progressive condition in which bone density is lost, or there is insufficient bone formation, thereby weakening the bones and making them more susceptible to fractures. Although much more common in older adults, especially women in menopause and after, osteoporosis can also occur during childhood. Most often, osteoporosis during childhood is caused by an underlying medical condition, called secondary osteoporosis.
C. Muscular Dystrophy- Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) are extremely rare neuromuscular disorders with onset at birth or early infancy, characterized by hypotonia, delayed motor development, and progressive weakness. The clinical presentation is variable and can affect other organs, including the eyes, brain, lungs, and heart.
Incorrect
D. Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a group of rare disorders affecting the connective tissue and characterized by extremely fragile bones that break or fracture easily (brittle bones), often without apparent cause. It is the most common heritable disorder of connective tissue. Besides being associated with brittle bones, the following features are also linked to OI: Blue sclerae, dentinogenesis imperfecta (disorder of tooth development), increased joint mobility, short stature, and hearing loss. The visual system is also commonly affected in patients with OI. Ocular and visual pathway problems reported include corneal disorders, glaucoma, retinal detachment, optic neuropathy and others. Four main types of OI have been identified. OI type I is the most common and the mildest form of the disorder. OI type III is characterized by extremely fragile bones, multiple fractures, and malformed bones. Multiple fractures are often present at birth. This is the only disorder which would account for Todd’s physical appearance, especially at birth.
A. Cerebral Palsy is a group of disorders caused by damage that occurs to the immature brain as it develops. Signs and symptoms appear during infancy or preschool years. In general, cerebral palsy causes impaired movement associated with abnormal reflexes, floppiness or rigidity of the limbs and trunk, abnormal posture, involuntary movements, unsteady gait, or some combination of these.
B. Osteoporosis is a progressive condition in which bone density is lost, or there is insufficient bone formation, thereby weakening the bones and making them more susceptible to fractures. Although much more common in older adults, especially women in menopause and after, osteoporosis can also occur during childhood. Most often, osteoporosis during childhood is caused by an underlying medical condition, called secondary osteoporosis.
C. Muscular Dystrophy- Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) are extremely rare neuromuscular disorders with onset at birth or early infancy, characterized by hypotonia, delayed motor development, and progressive weakness. The clinical presentation is variable and can affect other organs, including the eyes, brain, lungs, and heart.