Sanding table exercises using decreased friction. The patient’s shoulder flexors have tested at grade 2, which means that the patient has full active shoulder flexion with gravity eliminated. Strengthening using sanding table exercises would provide active movement through the full range of shoulder flexion with gravity eliminated, helping the patient to strengthen his shoulder flexors within his current functional ability. Isometric exercises would help strengthen the shoulder flexors, but they would not address the goal of increasing active shoulder flexion. Bilateral pulley exercises would most likely result in the unaffected arm compensating for the affected arm by using the pulley action to lift and lower the affected arm, so muscle activity in the affected arm would be limited. The patient does not have adequate strength to complete exercise band exercises against gravity.